wait4(2) System Calls Manual wait4(2)
NAME
wait3, wait4 - wait for process to change state, BSD style
LIBRARY
Standard C library (libc, -lc)
SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/wait.h>
pid_t wait3(int *_Nullable wstatus, int options,
struct rusage *_Nullable rusage);
pid_t wait4(pid_t pid, int *_Nullable wstatus, int options,
struct rusage *_Nullable rusage);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
wait3():
Since glibc 2.26:
_DEFAULT_SOURCE
|| (_XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500 &&
! (_POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L
|| _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 600))
From glibc 2.19 to glibc 2.25:
_DEFAULT_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500
glibc 2.19 and earlier:
_BSD_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500
wait4():
Since glibc 2.19:
_DEFAULT_SOURCE
glibc 2.19 and earlier:
_BSD_SOURCE
DESCRIPTION
These functions are nonstandard; in new programs, the use of waitpid(2)
or waitid(2) is preferable.
The wait3() and wait4() system calls are similar to waitpid(2), but ad-
ditionally return resource usage information about the child in the
structure pointed to by rusage.
Other than the use of the rusage argument, the following wait3() call:
wait3(wstatus, options, rusage);
is equivalent to:
waitpid(-1, wstatus, options);
Similarly, the following wait4() call:
wait4(pid, wstatus, options, rusage);
is equivalent to:
waitpid(pid, wstatus, options);
In other words, wait3() waits of any child, while wait4() can be used
to select a specific child, or children, on which to wait. See wait(2)
for further details.
If rusage is not NULL, the struct rusage to which it points will be
filled with accounting information about the child. See getrusage(2)
for details.
RETURN VALUE
As for waitpid(2).
ERRORS
As for waitpid(2).
STANDARDS
4.3BSD.
SUSv1 included a specification of wait3(); SUSv2 included wait3(), but
marked it LEGACY; SUSv3 removed it.
NOTES
Including <sys/time.h> is not required these days, but increases porta-
bility. (Indeed, <sys/resource.h> defines the rusage structure with
fields of type struct timeval defined in <sys/time.h>.)
C library/kernel differences
On Linux, wait3() is a library function implemented on top of the
wait4() system call.
SEE ALSO
fork(2), getrusage(2), sigaction(2), signal(2), wait(2), signal(7)
Linux man-pages 6.03 2023-02-05 wait4(2)
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