OD(1) User Commands OD(1)
NAME
od - dump files in octal and other formats
SYNOPSIS
od [OPTION]... [FILE]...
od [-abcdfilosx]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b]]
od --traditional [OPTION]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b] [+][LABEL][.][b]]
DESCRIPTION
Write an unambiguous representation, octal bytes by default, of FILE to
standard output. With more than one FILE argument, concatenate them in
the listed order to form the input.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
If first and second call formats both apply, the second format is as-
sumed if the last operand begins with + or (if there are 2 operands) a
digit. An OFFSET operand means -j OFFSET. LABEL is the pseudo-address
at first byte printed, incremented when dump is progressing. For OFF-
SET and LABEL, a 0x or 0X prefix indicates hexadecimal; suffixes may be
. for octal and b for multiply by 512.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options
too.
-A, --address-radix=RADIX
output format for file offsets; RADIX is one of [doxn], for Dec-
imal, Octal, Hex or None
--endian={big|little}
swap input bytes according the specified order
-j, --skip-bytes=BYTES
skip BYTES input bytes first
-N, --read-bytes=BYTES
limit dump to BYTES input bytes
-S BYTES, --strings[=BYTES]
output strings of at least BYTES graphic chars; 3 is implied
when BYTES is not specified
-t, --format=TYPE
select output format or formats
-v, --output-duplicates
do not use * to mark line suppression
-w[BYTES], --width[=BYTES]
output BYTES bytes per output line; 32 is implied when BYTES is
not specified
--traditional
accept arguments in third form above
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
Traditional format specifications may be intermixed; they accumulate:
-a same as -t a, select named characters, ignoring high-order bit
-b same as -t o1, select octal bytes
-c same as -t c, select printable characters or backslash escapes
-d same as -t u2, select unsigned decimal 2-byte units
-f same as -t fF, select floats
-i same as -t dI, select decimal ints
-l same as -t dL, select decimal longs
-o same as -t o2, select octal 2-byte units
-s same as -t d2, select decimal 2-byte units
-x same as -t x2, select hexadecimal 2-byte units
TYPE is made up of one or more of these specifications:
a named character, ignoring high-order bit
c printable character or backslash escape
d[SIZE]
signed decimal, SIZE bytes per integer
f[SIZE]
floating point, SIZE bytes per float
o[SIZE]
octal, SIZE bytes per integer
u[SIZE]
unsigned decimal, SIZE bytes per integer
x[SIZE]
hexadecimal, SIZE bytes per integer
SIZE is a number. For TYPE in [doux], SIZE may also be C for
sizeof(char), S for sizeof(short), I for sizeof(int) or L for
sizeof(long). If TYPE is f, SIZE may also be F for sizeof(float), D
for sizeof(double) or L for sizeof(long double).
Adding a z suffix to any type displays printable characters at the end
of each output line.
BYTES is hex with 0x or 0X prefix, and may have a multiplier suffix:
b 512
KB 1000
K 1024
MB 1000*1000
M 1024*1024
and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y. Binary prefixes can be used, too:
KiB=K, MiB=M, and so on.
EXAMPLES
od -A x -t x1z -v
Display hexdump format output
od -A o -t oS -w16
The default output format used by od
AUTHOR
Written by Jim Meyering.
REPORTING BUGS
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU
GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
SEE ALSO
Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/od>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) od invocation'
GNU coreutils 9.1 September 2022 OD(1)
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