LOGIN(1) Comandi utente LOGIN(1)
NOME
login - apre una sessione sul sistema
SINOSSI
login [-p] [-h host] [nome] [ENV=VAR...]
login [-p] [-h host] -f nome
login [-p] -r host
DESCRIZIONE
The login program is used to establish a new session with the system.
It is normally invoked automatically by responding to the login: prompt
on the user's terminal. login may be special to the shell and may not
be invoked as a sub-process. When called from a shell, login should be
executed as exec login which will cause the user to exit from the
current shell (and thus will prevent the new logged in user to return
to the session of the caller). Attempting to execute login from any
shell but the login shell will produce an error message.
The user is then prompted for a password, where appropriate. Echoing is
disabled to prevent revealing the password. Only a small number of
password failures are permitted before login exits and the
communications link is severed.
If password aging has been enabled for your account, you may be
prompted for a new password before proceeding. You will be forced to
provide your old password and the new password before continuing.
Please refer to passwd(1) for more information.
Your user and group ID will be set according to their values in the
/etc/passwd file. The value for $HOME, $SHELL, $PATH, $LOGNAME, and
$MAIL are set according to the appropriate fields in the password
entry. Ulimit, umask and nice values may also be set according to
entries in the GECOS field.
On some installations, the environmental variable $TERM will be
initialized to the terminal type on your tty line, as specified in
/etc/ttytype.
Può anche essere eseguito uno script di inizializzazione per il proprio
interprete dei comandi. Fare riferimento alla relativa sezione di
manuale per maggiori informazioni su questa funzione.
Un sottosistema di login è indicato dalla presenza del carattere «*»
all'inizio della shell di login. La directory home impostata sarà
utilizzata come root di un nuovo file system al quale l'utente accede.
The login program is NOT responsible for removing users from the utmp
file. It is the responsibility of getty(8) and init(8) to clean up
apparent ownership of a terminal session. If you use login from the
shell prompt without exec, the user you use will continue to appear to
be logged in even after you log out of the "subsession".
OPZIONI
-f
Non effettua l'autenticazione, l'utente è già autenticato
Note: In that case, username is mandatory.
-h
Nome dell'host remoto per questo login.
-p
Non modifica l'ambiente.
-r
Attiva il protocollo autologin di rlogin.
The -r, -h and -f options are only used when login is invoked by root.
AVVISI/CAVEAT
This version of login has many compilation options, only some of which
may be in use at any particular site.
La posizione dei file è soggetta a differenze in base alla
configurazione del sistema.
The login program is NOT responsible for removing users from the utmp
file. It is the responsibility of getty(8) and init(8) to clean up
apparent ownership of a terminal session. If you use login from the
shell prompt without exec, the user you use will continue to appear to
be logged in even after you log out of the "subsession".
As with any program, login's appearance can be faked. If non-trusted
users have physical access to a machine, an attacker could use this to
obtain the password of the next person coming to sit in front of the
machine. Under Linux, the SAK mechanism can be used by users to
initiate a trusted path and prevent this kind of attack.
CONFIGURAZIONE
The following configuration variables in /etc/login.defs change the
behavior of this tool:
FILE
/var/run/utmp
Elenco delle sessioni attive.
/var/log/wtmp
Elenco delle precedenti sessioni di login.
/etc/passwd
Informazioni sugli account utente.
/etc/shadow
Informazioni sicure sugli account utente.
/etc/motd
File di sistema con il messaggio del giorno.
/etc/nologin
Impedisce l'accesso al sistema per utenti diversi da root.
/etc/ttytype
Elenco di tipi di terminale.
$HOME/.hushlogin
Impedisce che vengano mostrati i messaggi di sistema.
/etc/login.defs
Configurazione del pacchetto password shadow
VEDERE ANCHE
mail(1), passwd(1), sh(1), su(1), login.defs(5), nologin(5), passwd(5),
securetty(5), getty(8).
shadow-utils 4.13 23/03/2023 LOGIN(1)
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