R version 4.0.2 (2020-06-22) -- "Taking Off Again"
Copyright (C) 2020 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
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> options("rgdal_show_exportToProj4_warnings"="none")
> library(sp)
> data(meuse)
> x = meuse[1:10, ] # limit the output
> coordinates(x) = c("x", "y") # names
> bbox(x)
min max
x 181025 181390
y 333168 333611
> is.projected(x)
[1] NA
> dimensions(x)
[1] 2
> x
coordinates cadmium copper lead zinc elev dist om ffreq soil
1 (181072, 333611) 11.7 85 299 1022 7.909 0.00135803 13.6 1 1
2 (181025, 333558) 8.6 81 277 1141 6.983 0.01222430 14.0 1 1
3 (181165, 333537) 6.5 68 199 640 7.800 0.10302900 13.0 1 1
4 (181298, 333484) 2.6 81 116 257 7.655 0.19009400 8.0 1 2
5 (181307, 333330) 2.8 48 117 269 7.480 0.27709000 8.7 1 2
6 (181390, 333260) 3.0 61 137 281 7.791 0.36406700 7.8 1 2
7 (181165, 333370) 3.2 31 132 346 8.217 0.19009400 9.2 1 2
8 (181027, 333363) 2.8 29 150 406 8.490 0.09215160 9.5 1 1
9 (181060, 333231) 2.4 37 133 347 8.668 0.18461400 10.6 1 1
10 (181232, 333168) 1.6 24 80 183 9.049 0.30970200 6.3 1 2
lime landuse dist.m
1 1 Ah 50
2 1 Ah 30
3 1 Ah 150
4 0 Ga 270
5 0 Ah 380
6 0 Ga 470
7 0 Ah 240
8 0 Ab 120
9 0 Ab 240
10 0 W 420
>
> x = meuse[1:10, ]
> coordinates(x) = c(1, 2) # coordinate column numbers
> x
coordinates cadmium copper lead zinc elev dist om ffreq soil
1 (181072, 333611) 11.7 85 299 1022 7.909 0.00135803 13.6 1 1
2 (181025, 333558) 8.6 81 277 1141 6.983 0.01222430 14.0 1 1
3 (181165, 333537) 6.5 68 199 640 7.800 0.10302900 13.0 1 1
4 (181298, 333484) 2.6 81 116 257 7.655 0.19009400 8.0 1 2
5 (181307, 333330) 2.8 48 117 269 7.480 0.27709000 8.7 1 2
6 (181390, 333260) 3.0 61 137 281 7.791 0.36406700 7.8 1 2
7 (181165, 333370) 3.2 31 132 346 8.217 0.19009400 9.2 1 2
8 (181027, 333363) 2.8 29 150 406 8.490 0.09215160 9.5 1 1
9 (181060, 333231) 2.4 37 133 347 8.668 0.18461400 10.6 1 1
10 (181232, 333168) 1.6 24 80 183 9.049 0.30970200 6.3 1 2
lime landuse dist.m
1 1 Ah 50
2 1 Ah 30
3 1 Ah 150
4 0 Ga 270
5 0 Ah 380
6 0 Ga 470
7 0 Ah 240
8 0 Ab 120
9 0 Ab 240
10 0 W 420
>
> x = meuse[1:10, ]
> coordinates(x) = ~x+y # coordinates formula
> x
coordinates cadmium copper lead zinc elev dist om ffreq soil
1 (181072, 333611) 11.7 85 299 1022 7.909 0.00135803 13.6 1 1
2 (181025, 333558) 8.6 81 277 1141 6.983 0.01222430 14.0 1 1
3 (181165, 333537) 6.5 68 199 640 7.800 0.10302900 13.0 1 1
4 (181298, 333484) 2.6 81 116 257 7.655 0.19009400 8.0 1 2
5 (181307, 333330) 2.8 48 117 269 7.480 0.27709000 8.7 1 2
6 (181390, 333260) 3.0 61 137 281 7.791 0.36406700 7.8 1 2
7 (181165, 333370) 3.2 31 132 346 8.217 0.19009400 9.2 1 2
8 (181027, 333363) 2.8 29 150 406 8.490 0.09215160 9.5 1 1
9 (181060, 333231) 2.4 37 133 347 8.668 0.18461400 10.6 1 1
10 (181232, 333168) 1.6 24 80 183 9.049 0.30970200 6.3 1 2
lime landuse dist.m
1 1 Ah 50
2 1 Ah 30
3 1 Ah 150
4 0 Ga 270
5 0 Ah 380
6 0 Ga 470
7 0 Ah 240
8 0 Ab 120
9 0 Ab 240
10 0 W 420
>
> x = meuse[1:10, ]
> coordinates(x) = meuse[1:10, c("x", "y")] # coords, as data.frame
> x
coordinates x y cadmium copper lead zinc elev dist
1 (181072, 333611) 181072 333611 11.7 85 299 1022 7.909 0.00135803
2 (181025, 333558) 181025 333558 8.6 81 277 1141 6.983 0.01222430
3 (181165, 333537) 181165 333537 6.5 68 199 640 7.800 0.10302900
4 (181298, 333484) 181298 333484 2.6 81 116 257 7.655 0.19009400
5 (181307, 333330) 181307 333330 2.8 48 117 269 7.480 0.27709000
6 (181390, 333260) 181390 333260 3.0 61 137 281 7.791 0.36406700
7 (181165, 333370) 181165 333370 3.2 31 132 346 8.217 0.19009400
8 (181027, 333363) 181027 333363 2.8 29 150 406 8.490 0.09215160
9 (181060, 333231) 181060 333231 2.4 37 133 347 8.668 0.18461400
10 (181232, 333168) 181232 333168 1.6 24 80 183 9.049 0.30970200
om ffreq soil lime landuse dist.m
1 13.6 1 1 1 Ah 50
2 14.0 1 1 1 Ah 30
3 13.0 1 1 1 Ah 150
4 8.0 1 2 0 Ga 270
5 8.7 1 2 0 Ah 380
6 7.8 1 2 0 Ga 470
7 9.2 1 2 0 Ah 240
8 9.5 1 1 0 Ab 120
9 10.6 1 1 0 Ab 240
10 6.3 1 2 0 W 420
>
> x = meuse[1:10, ]
> coordinates(x) = as.matrix(meuse[1:10, c("x", "y")]) # coords, as matrix
> x
coordinates x y cadmium copper lead zinc elev dist
1 (181072, 333611) 181072 333611 11.7 85 299 1022 7.909 0.00135803
2 (181025, 333558) 181025 333558 8.6 81 277 1141 6.983 0.01222430
3 (181165, 333537) 181165 333537 6.5 68 199 640 7.800 0.10302900
4 (181298, 333484) 181298 333484 2.6 81 116 257 7.655 0.19009400
5 (181307, 333330) 181307 333330 2.8 48 117 269 7.480 0.27709000
6 (181390, 333260) 181390 333260 3.0 61 137 281 7.791 0.36406700
7 (181165, 333370) 181165 333370 3.2 31 132 346 8.217 0.19009400
8 (181027, 333363) 181027 333363 2.8 29 150 406 8.490 0.09215160
9 (181060, 333231) 181060 333231 2.4 37 133 347 8.668 0.18461400
10 (181232, 333168) 181232 333168 1.6 24 80 183 9.049 0.30970200
om ffreq soil lime landuse dist.m
1 13.6 1 1 1 Ah 50
2 14.0 1 1 1 Ah 30
3 13.0 1 1 1 Ah 150
4 8.0 1 2 0 Ga 270
5 8.7 1 2 0 Ah 380
6 7.8 1 2 0 Ga 470
7 9.2 1 2 0 Ah 240
8 9.5 1 1 0 Ab 120
9 10.6 1 1 0 Ab 240
10 6.3 1 2 0 W 420
>
> x = meuse[1:20,]
> coordinates(x) = c("x", "y") # coordinate column names
> print(summary(x))
Object of class SpatialPointsDataFrame
Coordinates:
min max
x 180555 181390
y 332707 333611
Is projected: NA
proj4string : [NA]
Number of points: 20
Data attributes:
cadmium copper lead zinc
Min. : 1.400 Min. :24.00 Min. : 80.0 Min. : 183.0
1st Qu.: 2.475 1st Qu.:30.50 1st Qu.:126.8 1st Qu.: 278.0
Median : 3.100 Median :64.50 Median :142.5 Median : 455.0
Mean : 5.465 Mean :56.95 Mean :171.7 Mean : 569.7
3rd Qu.: 8.625 3rd Qu.:81.00 3rd Qu.:215.2 3rd Qu.: 806.8
Max. :12.900 Max. :95.00 Max. :299.0 Max. :1141.0
elev dist om ffreq soil lime
Min. :6.860 Min. :0.000000 Min. : 6.300 1:20 1:14 0:11
1st Qu.:7.280 1st Qu.:0.009508 1st Qu.: 8.625 2: 0 2: 6 1: 9
Median :7.795 Median :0.108480 Median :10.050 3: 0 3: 0
Mean :7.952 Mean :0.128719 Mean :11.285
3rd Qu.:8.705 3rd Qu.:0.199601 3rd Qu.:14.200
Max. :9.073 Max. :0.364067 Max. :16.200
landuse dist.m
Ah :7 Min. : 10.0
W :6 1st Qu.: 17.5
Ab :2 Median :140.0
Ga :2 Mean :174.5
Ag :1 3rd Qu.:277.5
(Other):1 Max. :470.0
NA's :1
>
> x[1:10] # first 10 columns
coordinates cadmium copper lead zinc elev dist om ffreq soil
1 (181072, 333611) 11.7 85 299 1022 7.909 0.00135803 13.6 1 1
2 (181025, 333558) 8.6 81 277 1141 6.983 0.01222430 14.0 1 1
3 (181165, 333537) 6.5 68 199 640 7.800 0.10302900 13.0 1 1
4 (181298, 333484) 2.6 81 116 257 7.655 0.19009400 8.0 1 2
5 (181307, 333330) 2.8 48 117 269 7.480 0.27709000 8.7 1 2
6 (181390, 333260) 3.0 61 137 281 7.791 0.36406700 7.8 1 2
7 (181165, 333370) 3.2 31 132 346 8.217 0.19009400 9.2 1 2
8 (181027, 333363) 2.8 29 150 406 8.490 0.09215160 9.5 1 1
9 (181060, 333231) 2.4 37 133 347 8.668 0.18461400 10.6 1 1
10 (181232, 333168) 1.6 24 80 183 9.049 0.30970200 6.3 1 2
11 (181191, 333115) 1.4 25 86 189 9.015 0.31511600 6.4 1 2
12 (181032, 333031) 1.8 25 97 251 9.073 0.22812300 9.0 1 1
13 (180874, 333339) 11.2 93 285 1096 7.320 0.00000000 15.4 1 1
14 (180969, 333252) 2.5 31 183 504 8.815 0.11393200 8.4 1 1
15 (181011, 333161) 2.0 27 130 326 8.937 0.16833600 9.1 1 1
16 (180830, 333246) 9.5 86 240 1032 7.702 0.00000000 16.2 1 1
17 (180763, 333104) 7.0 74 133 606 7.160 0.01222430 16.0 1 1
18 (180694, 332972) 7.1 69 148 711 7.100 0.01222430 16.0 1 1
19 (180625, 332847) 8.7 69 207 735 7.020 0.00000000 13.7 1 1
20 (180555, 332707) 12.9 95 284 1052 6.860 0.00000000 14.8 1 1
lime
1 1
2 1
3 1
4 0
5 0
6 0
7 0
8 0
9 0
10 0
11 0
12 0
13 1
14 0
15 0
16 1
17 1
18 1
19 1
20 1
> x[, 1:10] # first 10 columns
coordinates cadmium copper lead zinc elev dist om ffreq soil
1 (181072, 333611) 11.7 85 299 1022 7.909 0.00135803 13.6 1 1
2 (181025, 333558) 8.6 81 277 1141 6.983 0.01222430 14.0 1 1
3 (181165, 333537) 6.5 68 199 640 7.800 0.10302900 13.0 1 1
4 (181298, 333484) 2.6 81 116 257 7.655 0.19009400 8.0 1 2
5 (181307, 333330) 2.8 48 117 269 7.480 0.27709000 8.7 1 2
6 (181390, 333260) 3.0 61 137 281 7.791 0.36406700 7.8 1 2
7 (181165, 333370) 3.2 31 132 346 8.217 0.19009400 9.2 1 2
8 (181027, 333363) 2.8 29 150 406 8.490 0.09215160 9.5 1 1
9 (181060, 333231) 2.4 37 133 347 8.668 0.18461400 10.6 1 1
10 (181232, 333168) 1.6 24 80 183 9.049 0.30970200 6.3 1 2
11 (181191, 333115) 1.4 25 86 189 9.015 0.31511600 6.4 1 2
12 (181032, 333031) 1.8 25 97 251 9.073 0.22812300 9.0 1 1
13 (180874, 333339) 11.2 93 285 1096 7.320 0.00000000 15.4 1 1
14 (180969, 333252) 2.5 31 183 504 8.815 0.11393200 8.4 1 1
15 (181011, 333161) 2.0 27 130 326 8.937 0.16833600 9.1 1 1
16 (180830, 333246) 9.5 86 240 1032 7.702 0.00000000 16.2 1 1
17 (180763, 333104) 7.0 74 133 606 7.160 0.01222430 16.0 1 1
18 (180694, 332972) 7.1 69 148 711 7.100 0.01222430 16.0 1 1
19 (180625, 332847) 8.7 69 207 735 7.020 0.00000000 13.7 1 1
20 (180555, 332707) 12.9 95 284 1052 6.860 0.00000000 14.8 1 1
lime
1 1
2 1
3 1
4 0
5 0
6 0
7 0
8 0
9 0
10 0
11 0
12 0
13 1
14 0
15 0
16 1
17 1
18 1
19 1
20 1
> x[1:10,] # rows 1-10
coordinates cadmium copper lead zinc elev dist om ffreq soil
1 (181072, 333611) 11.7 85 299 1022 7.909 0.00135803 13.6 1 1
2 (181025, 333558) 8.6 81 277 1141 6.983 0.01222430 14.0 1 1
3 (181165, 333537) 6.5 68 199 640 7.800 0.10302900 13.0 1 1
4 (181298, 333484) 2.6 81 116 257 7.655 0.19009400 8.0 1 2
5 (181307, 333330) 2.8 48 117 269 7.480 0.27709000 8.7 1 2
6 (181390, 333260) 3.0 61 137 281 7.791 0.36406700 7.8 1 2
7 (181165, 333370) 3.2 31 132 346 8.217 0.19009400 9.2 1 2
8 (181027, 333363) 2.8 29 150 406 8.490 0.09215160 9.5 1 1
9 (181060, 333231) 2.4 37 133 347 8.668 0.18461400 10.6 1 1
10 (181232, 333168) 1.6 24 80 183 9.049 0.30970200 6.3 1 2
lime landuse dist.m
1 1 Ah 50
2 1 Ah 30
3 1 Ah 150
4 0 Ga 270
5 0 Ah 380
6 0 Ga 470
7 0 Ah 240
8 0 Ab 120
9 0 Ab 240
10 0 W 420
> x["zinc"] # column zinc + coords
coordinates zinc
1 (181072, 333611) 1022
2 (181025, 333558) 1141
3 (181165, 333537) 640
4 (181298, 333484) 257
5 (181307, 333330) 269
6 (181390, 333260) 281
7 (181165, 333370) 346
8 (181027, 333363) 406
9 (181060, 333231) 347
10 (181232, 333168) 183
11 (181191, 333115) 189
12 (181032, 333031) 251
13 (180874, 333339) 1096
14 (180969, 333252) 504
15 (181011, 333161) 326
16 (180830, 333246) 1032
17 (180763, 333104) 606
18 (180694, 332972) 711
19 (180625, 332847) 735
20 (180555, 332707) 1052
> x[, "zinc"] # idem
coordinates zinc
1 (181072, 333611) 1022
2 (181025, 333558) 1141
3 (181165, 333537) 640
4 (181298, 333484) 257
5 (181307, 333330) 269
6 (181390, 333260) 281
7 (181165, 333370) 346
8 (181027, 333363) 406
9 (181060, 333231) 347
10 (181232, 333168) 183
11 (181191, 333115) 189
12 (181032, 333031) 251
13 (180874, 333339) 1096
14 (180969, 333252) 504
15 (181011, 333161) 326
16 (180830, 333246) 1032
17 (180763, 333104) 606
18 (180694, 332972) 711
19 (180625, 332847) 735
20 (180555, 332707) 1052
> x[1:10, "zinc"] # idem
coordinates zinc
1 (181072, 333611) 1022
2 (181025, 333558) 1141
3 (181165, 333537) 640
4 (181298, 333484) 257
5 (181307, 333330) 269
6 (181390, 333260) 281
7 (181165, 333370) 346
8 (181027, 333363) 406
9 (181060, 333231) 347
10 (181232, 333168) 183
> x[1:10, c("zinc", "cadmium")] # idem
coordinates zinc cadmium
1 (181072, 333611) 1022 11.7
2 (181025, 333558) 1141 8.6
3 (181165, 333537) 640 6.5
4 (181298, 333484) 257 2.6
5 (181307, 333330) 269 2.8
6 (181390, 333260) 281 3.0
7 (181165, 333370) 346 3.2
8 (181027, 333363) 406 2.8
9 (181060, 333231) 347 2.4
10 (181232, 333168) 183 1.6
> x[["zinc"]]
[1] 1022 1141 640 257 269 281 346 406 347 183 189 251 1096 504 326
[16] 1032 606 711 735 1052
> x[["lnzinc"]] <- log(x[["zinc"]])
> x
coordinates cadmium copper lead zinc elev dist om ffreq soil
1 (181072, 333611) 11.7 85 299 1022 7.909 0.00135803 13.6 1 1
2 (181025, 333558) 8.6 81 277 1141 6.983 0.01222430 14.0 1 1
3 (181165, 333537) 6.5 68 199 640 7.800 0.10302900 13.0 1 1
4 (181298, 333484) 2.6 81 116 257 7.655 0.19009400 8.0 1 2
5 (181307, 333330) 2.8 48 117 269 7.480 0.27709000 8.7 1 2
6 (181390, 333260) 3.0 61 137 281 7.791 0.36406700 7.8 1 2
7 (181165, 333370) 3.2 31 132 346 8.217 0.19009400 9.2 1 2
8 (181027, 333363) 2.8 29 150 406 8.490 0.09215160 9.5 1 1
9 (181060, 333231) 2.4 37 133 347 8.668 0.18461400 10.6 1 1
10 (181232, 333168) 1.6 24 80 183 9.049 0.30970200 6.3 1 2
11 (181191, 333115) 1.4 25 86 189 9.015 0.31511600 6.4 1 2
12 (181032, 333031) 1.8 25 97 251 9.073 0.22812300 9.0 1 1
13 (180874, 333339) 11.2 93 285 1096 7.320 0.00000000 15.4 1 1
14 (180969, 333252) 2.5 31 183 504 8.815 0.11393200 8.4 1 1
15 (181011, 333161) 2.0 27 130 326 8.937 0.16833600 9.1 1 1
16 (180830, 333246) 9.5 86 240 1032 7.702 0.00000000 16.2 1 1
17 (180763, 333104) 7.0 74 133 606 7.160 0.01222430 16.0 1 1
18 (180694, 332972) 7.1 69 148 711 7.100 0.01222430 16.0 1 1
19 (180625, 332847) 8.7 69 207 735 7.020 0.00000000 13.7 1 1
20 (180555, 332707) 12.9 95 284 1052 6.860 0.00000000 14.8 1 1
lime landuse dist.m lnzinc
1 1 Ah 50 6.929517
2 1 Ah 30 7.039660
3 1 Ah 150 6.461468
4 0 Ga 270 5.549076
5 0 Ah 380 5.594711
6 0 Ga 470 5.638355
7 0 Ah 240 5.846439
8 0 Ab 120 6.006353
9 0 Ab 240 5.849325
10 0 W 420 5.209486
11 0 Fh 400 5.241747
12 0 Ag 300 5.525453
13 1 W 20 6.999422
14 0 Ah 130 6.222576
15 0 Ah 220 5.786897
16 1 W 10 6.939254
17 1 W 10 6.406880
18 1 W 10 6.566672
19 1 W 10 6.599870
20 1 <NA> 10 6.958448
>
> print(summary(x[1:10, "zinc"])) # check bbox
Object of class SpatialPointsDataFrame
Coordinates:
min max
x 181025 181390
y 333168 333611
Is projected: NA
proj4string : [NA]
Number of points: 10
Data attributes:
zinc
Min. : 183.0
1st Qu.: 272.0
Median : 346.5
Mean : 489.2
3rd Qu.: 581.5
Max. :1141.0
> print(summary(x["zinc"])) # compare bbox
Object of class SpatialPointsDataFrame
Coordinates:
min max
x 180555 181390
y 332707 333611
Is projected: NA
proj4string : [NA]
Number of points: 20
Data attributes:
zinc
Min. : 183.0
1st Qu.: 278.0
Median : 455.0
Mean : 569.7
3rd Qu.: 806.8
Max. :1141.0
>
> data(meuse.grid)
> coordinates(meuse.grid) = ~x+y
> gridded(meuse.grid) = TRUE
> plot(meuse.grid)
>
> proc.time()
user system elapsed
0.426 0.040 0.459
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