<FILENAME filename="index.html"><html><head><title>The KCalc Handbook</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-default.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-docs.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-localised.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><meta name="description" content="KCalc is a calculator for your desktop environment. In the simple mode it can be used for basic arithmetic operations, but provides advanced modes for scientific, statistical and numeral system calculations."><meta name="keywords" content="KDE, KCalc, calculator"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="next" href="introduction.html" title="Chapter 1. Introduction"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="GENERATOR" content="KDE XSL Stylesheet V1.14 using libxslt"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div id="content"><div id="header"><div id="header_content"><div id="header_left"><div id="header_right"><img src="help:/kdoctools5-common/top-kde.jpg" width="36" height="34"> The <span class="application">KCalc</span> Handbook</div></div></div></div><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"></td><td class="upCell"> </td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="introduction.html">Next</a></td></tr></table></div><div id="contentBody"><div lang="en" class="book"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="kcalc"></a>The <span class="application">KCalc</span> Handbook</h1></div><div><div class="authorgroup"><p class="author"><span class="firstname">Bernd</span> <span class="othername">Johannes</span> <span class="surname">Wuebben</span> <code class="email"><wuebben@kde.org></code></p><p class="author"><span class="firstname">Pamela</span> <span class="surname">Roberts</span> <code class="email"><pamroberts@blueyonder.co.uk></code></p><p class="author"><span class="firstname">Anne-Marie</span> <span class="surname">Mahfouf</span> <code class="email"><annma@kde.org></code></p></div></div><div>Revision <span class="releaseinfo">Applications 16.08 (<span class="date">2016-07-25</span>)</span></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006 <span class="firstname">Bernd</span> <span class="othername">Johannes</span> <span class="surname">Wuebben</span>, <span class="firstname">Pamela</span> <span class="surname">Roberts</span>, <span class="firstname">Anne-Marie</span> <span class="surname">Mahfouf</span></p></div><div><p><a href="help:/kdoctools5-common/fdl-notice.html">Legal Notice</a></p></div><div><div><div class="abstract"><p><span class="application">KCalc</span> is a calculator for your desktop environment. In the simple mode it can be used for basic arithmetic operations, but provides advanced modes for scientific, statistical and numeral system calculations.</p></div></div></div></div><hr></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="introduction.html">1. Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="usage.html">2. Usage</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="usage.html#general-usage">General Usage</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="simple-mode.html">Simple Mode</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="science-mode.html">Science Mode</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="statistical-mode.html">Statistical Mode</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="numeral-system-mode.html">Numeral System Mode</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="memory-operations.html">Memory Operations</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="memory-operations.html#standard_memory"> Standard Memory Operations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="memory-operations.html#constant_buttons">Constants</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="key-accels.html">Single Key Accelerators</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="comments-on-specific-functions.html">3. Comments on Specific Functions</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="comments-on-specific-functions.html#mod">Mod and IntDiv</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="percent.html">%</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="lsh-rsh.html">Lsh and Rsh</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="and-or-xor.html">Cmp, And, Or and Xor</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="questions-and-answers.html">4. Questions and Answers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="commands.html">5. Command Reference</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="commands.html#menus">Menu Items</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="copyright.html">6. Credits and License</a></span></dt></dl></div><FILENAME filename="introduction.html"><html><head><title>Chapter 1. Introduction</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-default.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-docs.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-localised.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><meta name="keywords" content="KDE, KCalc, calculator"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="prev" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="next" href="usage.html" title="Chapter 2. Usage"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="GENERATOR" content="KDE XSL Stylesheet V1.14 using libxslt"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div id="content"><div id="header"><div id="header_content"><div id="header_left"><div id="header_right"><img src="help:/kdoctools5-common/top-kde.jpg" width="36" height="34"> Introduction</div></div></div></div><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="index.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"> </td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="usage.html">Next</a></td></tr></table></div><div id="contentBody"><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="introduction"></a>Chapter 1. Introduction</h1></div></div></div><p><span class="application">KCalc</span> offers many more mathematical functions than meet the eye on a first glance. Please study the section on keyboard accelerators and modes in this handbook to learn more about the many functions available.</p><p>In addition to the usual functionality offered by most scientific calculators, <span class="application">KCalc</span> offers a number of features, which I think are worthwhile pointing out:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p><span class="application">KCalc</span> provides trigonometric functions, logic operations, and it is able to do statistical calculations.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="application">KCalc</span> allows you to cut and paste numbers from/into its display.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="application">KCalc</span> features a <em class="firstterm">results-stack</em> which lets you conveniently recall previous results.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>You can configure <span class="application">KCalc</span>'s display colors and font.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>You can configure <span class="application">KCalc</span>'s precision, the number of displayed digits and the number of digits after the period in the settings dialog.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p> <span class="application">KCalc</span> offers a great number of useful <a class="link" href="key-accels.html" title="Single Key Accelerators"> key-bindings</a>, which make using <span class="application">KCalc</span> without using a pointing device easy.</p><p>Hint: pressing (and holding) the <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span>-key, displays on every button,the corresponding key-binding.</p></li></ul></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p><span class="application">KCalc</span> uses <a class="ulink" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculator_input_methods#Infix_notation" target="_top">Infix notation</a> which enforces correct order of operations as taught in school; contrary to <a class="ulink" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculator_input_methods#Immediate_execution" target="_top">Immediate execution</a> used by many simple calculators. </p></div><p>Have fun with <span class="application">KCalc</span>!</p><p><span class="firstname">Bernd</span> <span class="othername">Johannes</span> <span class="surname">Wuebben</span></p></div></div><div id="footer"><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="index.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Contents</a></td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="usage.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td class="prevCell">The <span class="application">KCalc</span> Handbook </td><td class="upCell"> </td><td class="nextCell"> Usage</td></tr></table></div><div id="footer_text">Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?<br>Send feedback to the <a href="mailto:kde-doc-english@kde.org" class="footer_email">KDE Docs Team</a></div></div></div></body></html></FILENAME><FILENAME filename="usage.html"><html><head><title>Chapter 2. Usage</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-default.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-docs.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-localised.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><meta name="keywords" content="KDE, KCalc, calculator"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="prev" href="introduction.html" title="Chapter 1. Introduction"><link rel="next" href="simple-mode.html" title="Simple Mode"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="GENERATOR" content="KDE XSL Stylesheet V1.14 using libxslt"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div id="content"><div id="header"><div id="header_content"><div id="header_left"><div id="header_right"><img src="help:/kdoctools5-common/top-kde.jpg" width="36" height="34"> Usage</div></div></div></div><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="introduction.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"> </td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="simple-mode.html">Next</a></td></tr></table></div><div id="contentBody"><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="usage"></a>Chapter 2. Usage</h1></div></div></div><div class="sect1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="general-usage"></a>General Usage</h2></div></div></div><p>General usage is straight forward and similar to the way most simple scientific calculators operate, but take note of the following special <span class="application">KCalc</span> features:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">Result Stack</span></dt><dd><p>Each time you <span class="mousebutton">left</span> mouse button click on the <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">=</span></span> button or press your keyboard's <span class="keysym">Enter</span> or <span class="keysym">=</span> keys, the display result is written to <span class="application">KCalc</span>'s result stack. You can navigate through the result stack with your keyboard's <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>Z</strong></span> and <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>Z</strong></span> keys.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Percent Function</span></dt><dd><p>The percent function works somewhat differently to that on most calculators. However, once understood, its enhanced functionality proves quite useful. See the section about the <a class="link" href="percent.html" title="%">percent</a> function for further details.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Cut and Paste</span></dt><dd><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>Pressing <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>C</strong></span> will place the displayed number on to the clipboard.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Pressing <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>V</strong></span> will paste the clipboard content into the display if the content of the clipboard is a valid floating point number.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>It is still possible to copy/paste by clicking on <span class="application">KCalc</span>'s display, but this may disappear in future versions.</p></li></ul></div><p> </p></dd><dt><span class="term">Advanced functions</span></dt><dd><p>When you start <span class="application">KCalc</span> for the first time, the calculator will only display buttons for basic arithmetic computations.</p><p>Under the menu entry <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Settings</span></span> it is possible to select a mode for <span class="application">KCalc</span>: it is possible to choose <a class="link" href="simple-mode.html" title="Simple Mode">Simple</a> or <a class="link" href="science-mode.html" title="Science Mode">Science</a> or <a class="link" href="statistical-mode.html" title="Statistical Mode">Statistic</a> or <a class="link" href="numeral-system-mode.html" title="Numeral System Mode">Numeral System</a> mode. Please note, that these modes will slightly change as <span class="application">KCalc</span> evolves.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Button Layout</span></dt><dd><p>To give easy access to all the functions in advanced modes in <span class="application">KCalc</span>, many keys have a second layout. Click on <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton"><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span></span></span> or press the shortcut <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>2</strong></span> to make the second layout of the buttons visible.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">History</span></dt><dd><p>The history area shows all the calculations done in <span class="application">KCalc</span> for the active session of <span class="application">KCalc</span>. Click on <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">AC</span></span> or press the shortcut <span class="keycap"><strong>Del</strong></span> to clear the content of the history. To activate or deactivate it, use the item <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">Show History</span></span> in the menu <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Settings</span></span> of the menu bar, or press <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>H</strong></span>.</p></dd></dl></div></div><FILENAME filename="simple-mode.html"><html><head><title>Simple Mode</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-default.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-docs.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-localised.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><meta name="keywords" content="KDE, KCalc, calculator"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="up" href="usage.html" title="Chapter 2. Usage"><link rel="prev" href="usage.html" title="Chapter 2. Usage"><link rel="next" href="science-mode.html" title="Science Mode"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="GENERATOR" content="KDE XSL Stylesheet V1.14 using libxslt"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div id="content"><div id="header"><div id="header_content"><div id="header_left"><div id="header_right"><img src="help:/kdoctools5-common/top-kde.jpg" width="36" height="34"> Simple Mode</div></div></div></div><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="usage.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell">Usage</td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="science-mode.html">Next</a></td></tr></table></div><div id="contentBody"><div class="sect1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="simple-mode"></a>Simple Mode</h2></div></div></div><p>This mode contains only those buttons and functions, which are essential necessary for basic calculations.</p><p>If you just want to sum up all items on an invoice this mode may be your choice.</p></div></div><div id="footer"><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="usage.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Contents</a></td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="science-mode.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td class="prevCell">Usage </td><td class="upCell">Usage</td><td class="nextCell"> Science Mode</td></tr></table></div><div id="footer_text">Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?<br>Send feedback to the <a href="mailto:kde-doc-english@kde.org" class="footer_email">KDE Docs Team</a></div></div></div></body></html></FILENAME><FILENAME filename="science-mode.html"><html><head><title>Science Mode</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-default.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-docs.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-localised.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><meta name="keywords" content="KDE, KCalc, calculator"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="up" href="usage.html" title="Chapter 2. Usage"><link rel="prev" href="simple-mode.html" title="Simple Mode"><link rel="next" href="statistical-mode.html" title="Statistical Mode"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="GENERATOR" content="KDE XSL Stylesheet V1.14 using libxslt"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div id="content"><div id="header"><div id="header_content"><div id="header_left"><div id="header_right"><img src="help:/kdoctools5-common/top-kde.jpg" width="36" height="34"> Science Mode</div></div></div></div><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="simple-mode.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell">Usage</td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="statistical-mode.html">Next</a></td></tr></table></div><div id="contentBody"><div class="sect1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="science-mode"></a>Science Mode</h2></div></div></div><p>In this mode the left column of buttons is allocated to trigonometric functions:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Buttons</th><th>Function</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Hyp</span></span></td><td>Enter Hyperbolic sub mode. Hyp Sin for example is the hyperbolic sine: sinh</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Sin</span></span></td><td>Compute the sine</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span> <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Sin</span></span> or <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Asin</span></span></td><td>Compute the inverse sine</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Cos</span></span></td><td>Compute the cosine</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span> <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Cos</span></span> or <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Acos</span></span></td><td>Compute the inverse cosine</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Tan</span></span></td><td>Compute the tangent</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span> <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Tan</span></span> or <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Atan</span></span></td><td>Compute the inverse tangent</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Log</span></span></td><td>Compute the Log base 10</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span> <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Log</span></span> or 10<sup>x</sup></td><td>Compute 10 to the power of x</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Ln</span></span></td><td>Compute the natural logarithm. That is the log to base e</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span> <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Ln</span></span> or e<sup>x</sup></td><td>Compute e (the base of the natural logarithm) to the power of x</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>The second column has buttons for algebraic functions:</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Buttons</th><th>Function</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Mod</span></span></td><td>Compute the remainder in Euclidean division</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton"><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span></span></span> <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Mod</span></span> or <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">IntDiv</span></span></td><td>Integer division (integer part of the quotient)</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">1/x</span></span></td><td>Compute the reciprocal for a number</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton"><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span></span></span> <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">1/x</span></span> or <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">nCm</span></span></td><td>Compute the number of distinct second-operand-element subsets of it that can be formed for any set containing first operand elements (binomial coefficient)</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">x!</span></span></td><td>Compute the product of all positive integers less than or equal to the current integer operand (factorial)</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">x²</span></span></td><td>Compute the square of x</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton"><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span></span></span> <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">x²</span></span> or <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">√x</span></span></td><td>Compute the square root of x</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">xʸ</span></span></td><td>x power y</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span> x<sup>y</sup> or x<sup>1/y</sup></td><td>x power 1/y</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">x³</span></span></td><td>Computes the third (cubic) power of x</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton"><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span></span></span> <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">x³</span></span> or <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">∛x</span></span></td><td>Computes the third (cubic) root of x</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">x·10ʸ</span></span></td><td>Computes the product of the first operand and decimal exponent of the second operand</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><div id="footer"><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="simple-mode.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Contents</a></td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="statistical-mode.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td class="prevCell">Simple Mode </td><td class="upCell">Usage</td><td class="nextCell"> Statistical Mode</td></tr></table></div><div id="footer_text">Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?<br>Send feedback to the <a href="mailto:kde-doc-english@kde.org" class="footer_email">KDE Docs Team</a></div></div></div></body></html></FILENAME><FILENAME filename="statistical-mode.html"><html><head><title>Statistical Mode</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-default.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-docs.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-localised.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><meta name="keywords" content="KDE, KCalc, calculator"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="up" href="usage.html" title="Chapter 2. Usage"><link rel="prev" href="science-mode.html" title="Science Mode"><link rel="next" href="numeral-system-mode.html" title="Numeral System Mode"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="GENERATOR" content="KDE XSL Stylesheet V1.14 using libxslt"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div id="content"><div id="header"><div id="header_content"><div id="header_left"><div id="header_right"><img src="help:/kdoctools5-common/top-kde.jpg" width="36" height="34"> Statistical Mode</div></div></div></div><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="science-mode.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell">Usage</td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="numeral-system-mode.html">Next</a></td></tr></table></div><div id="contentBody"><div class="sect1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="statistical-mode"></a>Statistical Mode</h2></div></div></div><p>In this mode the left column of buttons is allocated to statistical functions:</p><p> Most of the functionality in this mode is centered around the <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Dat</span></span> button. To create a data list of numbers, enter a number into the calculator and press <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Dat</span></span>. A sequentially increasing number is shown on the display indicating which position in the Data <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">list</span>”</span> the number occupies. A traditional calculator only stores three values for statistical functions: The number of discrete items in a list, the sum of the data items entered and the sum of the square of all data items in the list. <span class="application">KCalc</span> differs by actually storing each discrete value, allowing you to calculate the median value of the data. </p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Buttons</th><th>Function</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">N</span></span></td><td>Recall the number of data items entered</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton"><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span></span></span> <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">N</span></span> or <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Σx</span></span></td><td>Display the sum of all data items entered</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Mea</span></span></td><td>Display the mean of the data items entered</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton"><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span></span></span> <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Mea</span></span> or <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Σx²</span></span></td><td>Display the sum of the square of all data items entered</td></tr><tr><td>σ<sub>N</sub></td><td>Display the standard deviation (n)</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton"><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span></span></span> σ<sub>N</sub> or σ<sub>N-1</sub> </td><td>Display the population standard deviation (n-1)</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Med</span></span></td><td>Display the median</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Dat</span></span></td><td>Enter a data item</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton"><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span></span></span> <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Dat</span></span> or <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">CDat</span></span></td><td>Clear last data item entered</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">CSt</span></span></td><td>Clear the store of all data item entered</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>The next two columns hold the buttons with trigonometric and algebraic functions described in the <a class="link" href="science-mode.html" title="Science Mode">Science</a> mode section.</p></div></div><div id="footer"><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="science-mode.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Contents</a></td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="numeral-system-mode.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td class="prevCell">Science Mode </td><td class="upCell">Usage</td><td class="nextCell"> Numeral System Mode</td></tr></table></div><div id="footer_text">Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?<br>Send feedback to the <a href="mailto:kde-doc-english@kde.org" class="footer_email">KDE Docs Team</a></div></div></div></body></html></FILENAME><FILENAME filename="numeral-system-mode.html"><html><head><title>Numeral System Mode</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-default.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-docs.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-localised.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><meta name="keywords" content="KDE, KCalc, calculator"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="up" href="usage.html" title="Chapter 2. Usage"><link rel="prev" href="statistical-mode.html" title="Statistical Mode"><link rel="next" href="memory-operations.html" title="Memory Operations"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="GENERATOR" content="KDE XSL Stylesheet V1.14 using libxslt"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div id="content"><div id="header"><div id="header_content"><div id="header_left"><div id="header_right"><img src="help:/kdoctools5-common/top-kde.jpg" width="36" height="34"> Numeral System Mode</div></div></div></div><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="statistical-mode.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell">Usage</td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="memory-operations.html">Next</a></td></tr></table></div><div id="contentBody"><div class="sect1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="numeral-system-mode"></a>Numeral System Mode</h2></div></div></div><p>This mode contains buttons and functions to calculate in binary, hexadecimal, octal and decimal.</p><p>You select the numeral system with the radio buttons on the right. To insert a hexadecimal number for example, just do the following: Select <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">Hex</span></span> from the radio buttons. Then enter a number and note, that you can use the letters <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">A</span></span> to <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">F</span></span> for numbers larger than 9. If you would like to see this number in binary, just select <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">Bin</span></span> from the radio buttons.</p><p>Binary, octal and hexadecimal numbers can be displayed as groups of digits separated by whitespaces. Such grouping can improve readability of numbers. For example, hexadecimal number <span class="emphasis"><em>AF1C42</em></span> can be displayed as <span class="emphasis"><em>AF 1C 42</em></span> with separation every second digit. Grouping can be turned off or tweaked. Select <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Settings</span></span> → <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenuitem">Configure <span class="application">KCalc</span>...</span></span> to bring up the configuration dialog and change the setting on <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">General</span></span> page as appropriate.</p><p>You may want to select <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Show Bit Edit</span></span> from the <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Settings</span></span> menu to see selected bits.</p><p>There are logic operators available in this mode. These operators are: </p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Buttons</th><th>Function</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">AND</span></span></td><td>Two numbers are logically anded</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">OR</span></span></td><td>Two numbers are logically ored</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">XOR</span></span></td><td>Two numbers are logically exclusive ored</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Lsh</span></span></td><td>Left shift the value</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Rsh</span></span></td><td>Right shift the value</td></tr><tr><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Cmp</span></span></td><td>Perform a 1's complement</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p> </p><p>The second column holds the buttons with algebraic functions described in the <a class="link" href="science-mode.html" title="Science Mode">Science</a> mode section.</p><p>The third column with the buttons <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">A</span></span> to <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">F</span></span> is enabled only in <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">Hex</span></span> mode. </p></div></div><div id="footer"><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="statistical-mode.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Contents</a></td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="memory-operations.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td class="prevCell">Statistical Mode </td><td class="upCell">Usage</td><td class="nextCell"> Memory Operations</td></tr></table></div><div id="footer_text">Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?<br>Send feedback to the <a href="mailto:kde-doc-english@kde.org" class="footer_email">KDE Docs Team</a></div></div></div></body></html></FILENAME><FILENAME filename="memory-operations.html"><html><head><title>Memory Operations</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-default.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-docs.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-localised.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><meta name="keywords" content="KDE, KCalc, calculator"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="up" href="usage.html" title="Chapter 2. Usage"><link rel="prev" href="numeral-system-mode.html" title="Numeral System Mode"><link rel="next" href="key-accels.html" title="Single Key Accelerators"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="GENERATOR" content="KDE XSL Stylesheet V1.14 using libxslt"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div id="content"><div id="header"><div id="header_content"><div id="header_left"><div id="header_right"><img src="help:/kdoctools5-common/top-kde.jpg" width="36" height="34"> Memory Operations</div></div></div></div><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="numeral-system-mode.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell">Usage</td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="key-accels.html">Next</a></td></tr></table></div><div id="contentBody"><div class="sect1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="memory-operations"></a>Memory Operations</h2></div></div></div><p><span class="application">KCalc</span> supports the memory operations given by standard calculators plus six slots to hold constants.</p><div class="sect2"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="standard_memory"></a> Standard Memory Operations</h3></div></div></div><p><span class="application">KCalc</span> can remember results of operations for you, and re-use them in later calculations. You can access these functions via several buttons labeled <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">MR</span></span>, <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">MS</span></span>, <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">M+</span></span> and <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">MC</span></span>.</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">MS</span></span></span></dt><dd><p>The <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">MS</span></span> button stores the currently displayed result in memory.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">M+</span></span></span></dt><dd><p>The <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">M+</span></span> button adds the current result to the one in memory. So, if you had stored a 20, and the current result is a 5, your memory would contain 25 when you press it. If the memory is empty, it acts like <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">MS</span></span> and simply stores the result.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">MR</span></span></span></dt><dd><p>The <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">MR</span></span> button gets the value stored in memory and puts it in the display.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">MC</span></span></span></dt><dd><p>The <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">MC</span></span> button clears the memory.</p></dd></dl></div><p>If a value is stored in memory a <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">M</span></span> will appear in the status bar, next to the calculator mode indicator</p></div><div class="sect2"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="constant_buttons"></a>Constants</h3></div></div></div><p>The six constants buttons <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">C1</span></span> to <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">C6</span></span> will only be visible after activating the item <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">Constants Buttons</span></span> in the menu <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Settings</span></span> of the menu bar. They are available in <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">Science mode</span></span> and <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">Statistics mode</span></span></p><p>To see the value stored in each constant hover the button with the mouse pointer.</p><p>To store the number shown in the <span class="application">KCalc</span> display in one of the six constants, first press <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton"><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span></span></span> followed by the desired button key <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">C1</span></span> up to <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">C6</span></span>.</p><p>To use the value stored in any of the constants in a calculation, just press the desired button (<span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">C1</span></span> to <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">C6</span></span>), and the corresponding number will appear in the display. </p><p>It is possible to change the label of the constants button to make it easier to remember which button holds which constant. Click with the right mouse button on one of the buttons <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">C1</span></span> to <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton"> C6</span></span>. A popup menu appears, in which you select <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel"> Set Name</span></span>. </p><p>There are many (mostly physical) predefined constants, which can be put on any of the six buttons <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">C1</span></span> - <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">C6</span></span> by selecting the desired constant in the popup menu that appears after right clicking on one of the constant buttons and selecting <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">Choose from List</span></span>. Though the predefined constants can also be accessed via the <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Constants</span></span> in the menu bar, storing it on a constants button is very handy, if the number is used frequently.</p></div></div></div><div id="footer"><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="numeral-system-mode.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Contents</a></td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="key-accels.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td class="prevCell">Numeral System Mode </td><td class="upCell">Usage</td><td class="nextCell"> Single Key Accelerators</td></tr></table></div><div id="footer_text">Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?<br>Send feedback to the <a href="mailto:kde-doc-english@kde.org" class="footer_email">KDE Docs Team</a></div></div></div></body></html></FILENAME><FILENAME filename="key-accels.html"><html><head><title>Single Key Accelerators</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-default.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-docs.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-localised.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><meta name="keywords" content="KDE, KCalc, calculator"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="up" href="usage.html" title="Chapter 2. Usage"><link rel="prev" href="memory-operations.html" title="Memory Operations"><link rel="next" href="comments-on-specific-functions.html" title="Chapter 3. Comments on Specific Functions"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="GENERATOR" content="KDE XSL Stylesheet V1.14 using libxslt"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div id="content"><div id="header"><div id="header_content"><div id="header_left"><div id="header_right"><img src="help:/kdoctools5-common/top-kde.jpg" width="36" height="34"> Single Key Accelerators</div></div></div></div><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="memory-operations.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell">Usage</td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="comments-on-specific-functions.html">Next</a></td></tr></table></div><div id="contentBody"><div class="sect1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="key-accels"></a>Single Key Accelerators</h2></div></div></div><p>To simplify entering calculations from the keyboard <span class="application">KCalc</span> has single key accelerators for most functions. For example entering <strong class="userinput"><code>7R</code></strong> or <strong class="userinput"><code>7r</code></strong> will calculate the reciprocal of 7 (1/7).</p><p>During a computation, you can always press <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span> to make each button display its key-binding.</p><div class="informaltable"><table class="informaltable" border="1"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Key</th><th>Function</th><th>Notes</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>H</strong></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Hyp</span></span></td><td>Hyperbolic as in Hyp Sin, the sinh</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>S</strong></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Sin</span></span></td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>C</strong></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Cos</span></span></td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>T</strong></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Tan</span></span></td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>N</strong></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Ln</span></span></td><td>log base e</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>L</strong></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Log</span></span></td><td>log base 10</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl-2</strong></span></td><td> <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton"><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span></span></span></td><td>Second function for this button. <abbr class="abbrev">e.g.</abbr> if you want arcsin type <strong class="userinput"><code>Ctrl-2 s </code></strong></td></tr><tr><td><span class="keysym">\</span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">+/-</span></span></td><td>Change sign</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keysym">[</span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">x^2</span></span></td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><span class="keysym">^</span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">x^y</span></span></td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><span class="keysym">!</span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">x!</span></span></td><td>Factorial</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keysym">E</span></td><td>x10<sup>y</sup></td><td>Exponent</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keysym"><</span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Lsh</span></span></td><td>Left shift</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keysym">></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Rsh</span></span></td><td>Right shift.</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keysym">&</span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">AND</span></span></td><td>Logical AND</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keysym">x</span> or <span class="keysym">*</span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">X</span></span></td><td>Multiply</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keysym">/</span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">/</span></span></td><td>Divide</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>D</strong></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Dat</span></span></td><td>Enter data item in statistical mode</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>|</strong></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">OR</span></span></td><td>Logical OR. Note: <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton"><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span></span></span> <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">OR</span></span> is XOR</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>R</strong></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">1/x</span></span></td><td>Reciprocal</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keysym">Enter</span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">=</span></span></td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>Return</strong></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">=</span></span></td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><span class="keysym">Backspace</span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton"><=</span></span></td><td>Delete last number</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>PgUp</strong></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">C</span></span></td><td>Clear</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>Esc</strong></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">C</span></span></td><td>Clear</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>PgDown</strong></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">AC</span></span></td><td>Clear all</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>Del</strong></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">AC</span></span></td><td>Clear all</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>:</strong></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Mod</span></span></td><td>remainder of dividing</td></tr><tr><td><span class="keycap"><strong>Alt</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>1</strong></span> to <span class="keycap"><strong>Alt</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>6</strong></span></td><td><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">C1</span></span></td><td>use the value stored in C1 to C6</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><div id="footer"><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="memory-operations.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Contents</a></td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="comments-on-specific-functions.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td class="prevCell">Memory Operations </td><td class="upCell">Usage</td><td class="nextCell"> Comments on Specific Functions</td></tr></table></div><div id="footer_text">Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?<br>Send feedback to the <a href="mailto:kde-doc-english@kde.org" class="footer_email">KDE Docs Team</a></div></div></div></body></html></FILENAME></div></div><div id="footer"><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="introduction.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Contents</a></td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="simple-mode.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td class="prevCell">Introduction </td><td class="upCell"> </td><td class="nextCell"> Simple Mode</td></tr></table></div><div id="footer_text">Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?<br>Send feedback to the <a href="mailto:kde-doc-english@kde.org" class="footer_email">KDE Docs Team</a></div></div></div></body></html></FILENAME><FILENAME filename="comments-on-specific-functions.html"><html><head><title>Chapter 3. Comments on Specific Functions</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-default.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-docs.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-localised.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><meta name="keywords" content="KDE, KCalc, calculator"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="prev" href="key-accels.html" title="Single Key Accelerators"><link rel="next" href="percent.html" title="%"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="GENERATOR" content="KDE XSL Stylesheet V1.14 using libxslt"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div id="content"><div id="header"><div id="header_content"><div id="header_left"><div id="header_right"><img src="help:/kdoctools5-common/top-kde.jpg" width="36" height="34"> Comments on Specific Functions</div></div></div></div><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="key-accels.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"> </td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="percent.html">Next</a></td></tr></table></div><div id="contentBody"><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="comments-on-specific-functions"></a>Chapter 3. Comments on Specific Functions</h1></div></div></div><div class="sect1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="mod"></a>Mod and IntDiv</h2></div></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Mod</span></span> gives the remainder of dividing the displayed number by the next input number.</span></dt><dd><p><strong class="userinput"><code>22 Mod 8 = </code></strong> will give the result <span class="emphasis"><em>6</em></span></p><p><strong class="userinput"><code>22.345 Mod 8 = </code></strong> will give the result <span class="emphasis"><em>6.345</em></span></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton"><span class="keycap"><strong>Shift</strong></span></span></span> <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">IntDiv</span></span> does integer division of the displayed number by the next input number.</span></dt><dd><p><strong class="userinput"><code>22 Shift IntDiv 8 = </code></strong> will give the result <span class="emphasis"><em>2</em></span></p><p><strong class="userinput"><code>22.345 Shift IntDiv 8 = </code></strong> also gives <span class="emphasis"><em>2</em></span> </p></dd></dl></div></div><FILENAME filename="percent.html"><html><head><title>%</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-default.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-docs.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-localised.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><meta name="keywords" content="KDE, KCalc, calculator"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="up" href="comments-on-specific-functions.html" title="Chapter 3. Comments on Specific Functions"><link rel="prev" href="comments-on-specific-functions.html" title="Chapter 3. Comments on Specific Functions"><link rel="next" href="lsh-rsh.html" title="Lsh and Rsh"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="GENERATOR" content="KDE XSL Stylesheet V1.14 using libxslt"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div id="content"><div id="header"><div id="header_content"><div id="header_left"><div id="header_right"><img src="help:/kdoctools5-common/top-kde.jpg" width="36" height="34"> %</div></div></div></div><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="comments-on-specific-functions.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell">Comments on Specific Functions</td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="lsh-rsh.html">Next</a></td></tr></table></div><div id="contentBody"><div class="sect1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="percent"></a>%</h2></div></div></div><p>Used instead of the <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">=</span></span> key, <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">%</span></span> interprets the final operation carried out in the current calculation as follows:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>If the final operator is + or - the second argument is interpreted as percentage of the first operand. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>If the final operator is * divide the result of the multiplication by 100. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>If the final operator is / give the left operand as a percentage of the right operand. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p> In all other cases the % key gives identical results to the = key. </p></li></ul></div><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">Examples:</span></dt><dd><p><strong class="userinput"><code>150 + 50 %</code></strong> gives <span class="emphasis"><em>225</em></span> (150 plus 50 percent of this amount)</p><p><strong class="userinput"><code>42 * 3 %</code></strong> gives <span class="emphasis"><em>1.26</em></span> (42 * 3 / 100)</p><p><strong class="userinput"><code>45 / 55 %</code></strong> gives <span class="emphasis"><em>81.81...</em></span> (45 is 81.81.. percent of 55)</p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div id="footer"><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="comments-on-specific-functions.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Contents</a></td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="lsh-rsh.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td class="prevCell">Comments on Specific Functions </td><td class="upCell">Comments on Specific Functions</td><td class="nextCell"> Lsh and Rsh</td></tr></table></div><div id="footer_text">Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?<br>Send feedback to the <a href="mailto:kde-doc-english@kde.org" class="footer_email">KDE Docs Team</a></div></div></div></body></html></FILENAME><FILENAME filename="lsh-rsh.html"><html><head><title>Lsh and Rsh</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-default.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-docs.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-localised.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><meta name="keywords" content="KDE, KCalc, calculator"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="up" href="comments-on-specific-functions.html" title="Chapter 3. Comments on Specific Functions"><link rel="prev" href="percent.html" title="%"><link rel="next" href="and-or-xor.html" title="Cmp, And, Or and Xor"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="GENERATOR" content="KDE XSL Stylesheet V1.14 using libxslt"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div id="content"><div id="header"><div id="header_content"><div id="header_left"><div id="header_right"><img src="help:/kdoctools5-common/top-kde.jpg" width="36" height="34"> Lsh and Rsh</div></div></div></div><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="percent.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell">Comments on Specific Functions</td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="and-or-xor.html">Next</a></td></tr></table></div><div id="contentBody"><div class="sect1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="lsh-rsh"></a>Lsh and Rsh</h2></div></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Lsh</span></span> left shifts the integer part of the displayed value (multiplies it by 2) n times, where n is the next input number, and gives an integer result (base is set to <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Bin</span></span>):</span></dt><dd><p><strong class="userinput"><code>10 Lsh 3 =</code></strong> gives <span class="emphasis"><em>80</em></span> (10 multiplied by 2 three times).</p><p><strong class="userinput"><code>10.345 Lsh 3 =</code></strong> also gives <span class="emphasis"><em>80</em></span>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Rsh</span></span> right shifts the value (performs an integer divide by 2) n times.</span></dt><dd><p><strong class="userinput"><code>16 Rsh 2 =</code></strong> gives <span class="emphasis"><em>4</em></span> (16 divided by 2 twice).</p><p><strong class="userinput"><code>16.999 Rsh 2 =</code></strong> also gives <span class="emphasis"><em>4</em></span>.</p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div id="footer"><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="percent.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Contents</a></td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="and-or-xor.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td class="prevCell">% </td><td class="upCell">Comments on Specific Functions</td><td class="nextCell"> Cmp, And, Or and Xor</td></tr></table></div><div id="footer_text">Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?<br>Send feedback to the <a href="mailto:kde-doc-english@kde.org" class="footer_email">KDE Docs Team</a></div></div></div></body></html></FILENAME><FILENAME filename="and-or-xor.html"><html><head><title>Cmp, And, Or and Xor</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-default.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-docs.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-localised.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><meta name="keywords" content="KDE, KCalc, calculator"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="up" href="comments-on-specific-functions.html" title="Chapter 3. Comments on Specific Functions"><link rel="prev" href="lsh-rsh.html" title="Lsh and Rsh"><link rel="next" href="questions-and-answers.html" title="Chapter 4. Questions and Answers"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="GENERATOR" content="KDE XSL Stylesheet V1.14 using libxslt"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div id="content"><div id="header"><div id="header_content"><div id="header_left"><div id="header_right"><img src="help:/kdoctools5-common/top-kde.jpg" width="36" height="34"> Cmp, And, Or and Xor</div></div></div></div><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="lsh-rsh.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell">Comments on Specific Functions</td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="questions-and-answers.html">Next</a></td></tr></table></div><div id="contentBody"><div class="sect1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="and-or-xor"></a>Cmp, And, Or and Xor</h2></div></div></div><p>The <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Cmp</span></span>, <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">And</span></span> and <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Or</span></span> functions perform bitwise logical operations and therefore appear more meaningful if the base is set to <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">Hex</span></span>, <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">Oct</span></span> or <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">Bin</span></span> rather than <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">Dec</span></span>. In the following examples base is set to <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">Bin</span></span>.</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Cmp</span></span> performs a 1's complement (inverts the bits).</span></dt><dd><p><strong class="userinput"><code>101 Cmp</code></strong> gives <span class="emphasis"><em>111...111010</em></span></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">AND</span></span> does a logical AND.</span></dt><dd><p><strong class="userinput"><code>101 AND 110 =</code></strong> gives <span class="emphasis"><em>100</em></span></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">OR</span></span> does the logical OR.</span></dt><dd><p><strong class="userinput"><code>101 OR 110 =</code></strong> gives <span class="emphasis"><em>111</em></span></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">XOR</span></span> performs the logical XOR (exclusive OR) operation.</span></dt><dd><p><strong class="userinput"><code>101 XOR 110 =</code></strong> gives <span class="emphasis"><em>11</em></span></p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div id="footer"><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="lsh-rsh.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Contents</a></td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="questions-and-answers.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td class="prevCell">Lsh and Rsh </td><td class="upCell">Comments on Specific Functions</td><td class="nextCell"> Questions and Answers</td></tr></table></div><div id="footer_text">Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?<br>Send feedback to the <a href="mailto:kde-doc-english@kde.org" class="footer_email">KDE Docs Team</a></div></div></div></body></html></FILENAME></div></div><div id="footer"><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="key-accels.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Contents</a></td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="percent.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td class="prevCell">Single Key Accelerators </td><td class="upCell"> </td><td class="nextCell"> %</td></tr></table></div><div id="footer_text">Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?<br>Send feedback to the <a href="mailto:kde-doc-english@kde.org" class="footer_email">KDE Docs Team</a></div></div></div></body></html></FILENAME><FILENAME filename="questions-and-answers.html"><html><head><title>Chapter 4. Questions and Answers</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-default.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-docs.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-localised.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><meta name="keywords" content="KDE, KCalc, calculator"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="prev" href="and-or-xor.html" title="Cmp, And, Or and Xor"><link rel="next" href="commands.html" title="Chapter 5. Command Reference"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="GENERATOR" content="KDE XSL Stylesheet V1.14 using libxslt"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div id="content"><div id="header"><div id="header_content"><div id="header_left"><div id="header_right"><img src="help:/kdoctools5-common/top-kde.jpg" width="36" height="34"> Questions and Answers</div></div></div></div><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="and-or-xor.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"> </td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="commands.html">Next</a></td></tr></table></div><div id="contentBody"><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="questions-and-answers"></a>Chapter 4. Questions and Answers</h1></div></div></div><div class="qandaset"><a name="idm827"></a><dl><dt>4.1. <a href="questions-and-answers.html#idm828">How do I get e, the Euler number?</a></dt><dt>4.2. <a href="questions-and-answers.html#idm844">How do I get two fixed digits after the period?</a></dt><dt>4.3. <a href="questions-and-answers.html#idm854">What about Precision?</a></dt></dl><table border="0" style="width: 100%;"><colgroup><col align="left" width="1%"><col></colgroup><tbody><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm828"></a><a name="idm829"></a><p><b>4.1.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>How do I get e, the Euler number?</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Press <strong class="userinput"><code>1 Shift e<sup>x</sup></code></strong> in the <span class="application">KCalc</span> window, press <strong class="userinput"><code>1 <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>2</strong></span> <span class="keycap"><strong>N</strong></span></code></strong> on the keyboard or use the <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Constants</span></span> → <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenuitem">Mathematics</span></span> menu.</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm844"></a><a name="idm845"></a><p><b>4.2.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>How do I get two fixed digits after the period?</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Select <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Settings</span></span> → <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenuitem"> Configure <span class="application">KCalc</span>...</span></span> on the menubar, this will bring up the configuration dialog. Check <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">Set decimal precision</span></span> and adjust the spin control so that it shows a 2.</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a name="idm854"></a><a name="idm855"></a><p><b>4.3.</b></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>What about Precision?</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>The main factor determining the precision of <span class="application">KCalc</span> is whether your libc and libmath supports the C data type <span class="type">long double</span>. If this is the case, <span class="application">KCalc</span> will detect this at compile time and use it as its fundamental data type to represent numbers. </p><p>Adjust the <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guilabel">Precision</span></span> in <span class="application">KCalc</span>'s <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guibutton">Configure</span></span> dialog so that the above computations work correctly. I recommend a precision of 14 if the fundamental data type for your copy of <span class="application">KCalc</span> is <span class="type">long double</span>, otherwise 8 or 10.</p><p>Higher precision doesn't necessarily lead to better results. Play with the precision and you will see what I mean.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><div id="footer"><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="and-or-xor.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Contents</a></td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="commands.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td class="prevCell">Cmp, And, Or and Xor </td><td class="upCell"> </td><td class="nextCell"> Command Reference</td></tr></table></div><div id="footer_text">Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?<br>Send feedback to the <a href="mailto:kde-doc-english@kde.org" class="footer_email">KDE Docs Team</a></div></div></div></body></html></FILENAME><FILENAME filename="commands.html"><html><head><title>Chapter 5. Command Reference</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-default.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-docs.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-localised.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><meta name="keywords" content="KDE, KCalc, calculator"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="prev" href="questions-and-answers.html" title="Chapter 4. Questions and Answers"><link rel="next" href="copyright.html" title="Chapter 6. Credits and License"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="GENERATOR" content="KDE XSL Stylesheet V1.14 using libxslt"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div id="content"><div id="header"><div id="header_content"><div id="header_left"><div id="header_right"><img src="help:/kdoctools5-common/top-kde.jpg" width="36" height="34"> Command Reference</div></div></div></div><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="questions-and-answers.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"> </td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="copyright.html">Next</a></td></tr></table></div><div id="contentBody"><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="commands"></a>Chapter 5. Command Reference</h1></div></div></div><div class="sect1"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="menus"></a>Menu Items</h2></div></div></div><p>A brief overview of some special menu items in <span class="application">KCalc</span>:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Constants</span></span> → <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenuitem">Mathematics</span></span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="action">Display Pi, Euler Number or Golden Ratio.</span> </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Constants</span></span> → <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenuitem">Electromagnetism</span></span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="action">Display Light Speed, Elementary Charge, Impedance of Vacuum, Permeability of Vacuum or Permittivity of Vacuum.</span> </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Constants</span></span> → <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenuitem">Atomic & Nuclear</span></span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="action">Display Planck's Constant, Elementary Charge or Fine-Structure Constant.</span> </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Constants</span></span> → <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenuitem">Thermodynamics</span></span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="action">Display Boltzmann Constant, Atomic Mass Unit, Molar Gas Constant, Stefan-Boltzmann Constant or Avogadro's Number.</span> </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Constants</span></span> → <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenuitem">Gravitation</span></span></span></dt><dd><p>Display Constant of Gravitation or Earth Acceleration. </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Settings</span></span> → <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenuitem">Simple Mode</span></span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="action">Displays the simple math buttons.</span> </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Settings</span></span> → <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenuitem">Science Mode</span></span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="action">Displays trigonometric and science buttons.</span> </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Settings</span></span> → <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenuitem">Statistic Mode</span></span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="action">Displays <a class="link" href="statistical-mode.html" title="Statistical Mode">statistic buttons.</a></span> </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Settings</span></span> → <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenuitem">Numeral System Mode</span></span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="action">Displays <a class="link" href="and-or-xor.html" title="Cmp, And, Or and Xor">logic buttons</a> and allows changing the numeral system.</span> </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Settings</span></span> → <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenuitem">Show History</span></span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="action">Display the history.</span> </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Settings</span></span> → <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenuitem">Constants Buttons</span></span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="action">Display constants buttons. They are available in <a class="link" href="science-mode.html" title="Science Mode">science mode</a> and <a class="link" href="statistical-mode.html" title="Statistical Mode">statistic mode</a>. </span> </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Settings</span></span> → <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenuitem">Show Bit Edit</span></span></span></dt><dd><p><span class="action">Displays a bit edit field. Click on a bit to toggle it. Only available in <a class="link" href="numeral-system-mode.html" title="Numeral System Mode">numeral system mode</a>.</span> </p></dd></dl></div><p> Additionally <span class="application">KCalc</span> has the common <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">File</span></span>, <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Edit</span></span>, <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Settings</span></span> and <span xmlns:doc="http://nwalsh.com/xsl/documentation/1.0" class="guiitem"><span class="guimenu">Help</span></span> menu items, for more information read the sections about the <a class="ulink" href="help:/fundamentals/menus.html" target="_top">Menus</a> in the <span class="orgname">KDE</span> Fundamentals. </p></div></div></div><div id="footer"><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="questions-and-answers.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Contents</a></td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="copyright.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td class="prevCell">Questions and Answers </td><td class="upCell"> </td><td class="nextCell"> Credits and License</td></tr></table></div><div id="footer_text">Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?<br>Send feedback to the <a href="mailto:kde-doc-english@kde.org" class="footer_email">KDE Docs Team</a></div></div></div></body></html></FILENAME><FILENAME filename="copyright.html"><html><head><title>Chapter 6. Credits and License</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-default.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-docs.css"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/kde-localised.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><meta name="keywords" content="KDE, KCalc, calculator"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="The KCalc Handbook"><link rel="prev" href="commands.html" title="Chapter 5. Command Reference"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="GENERATOR" content="KDE XSL Stylesheet V1.14 using libxslt"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div id="content"><div id="header"><div id="header_content"><div id="header_left"><div id="header_right"><img src="help:/kdoctools5-common/top-kde.jpg" width="36" height="34"> Credits and License</div></div></div></div><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="commands.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"> </td><td class="nextCell"></td></tr></table></div><div id="contentBody"><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="copyright"></a>Chapter 6. Credits and License</h1></div></div></div><p><span class="application">KCalc</span> Program Copyright (c):</p><p><span class="firstname">Bernd</span> <span class="othername">Johannes</span> <span class="surname">Wuebben</span> 1996-2000</p><p>The <span class="orgname">KDE</span> Team 2000-2008</p><p><span class="firstname">Evan</span> <span class="surname">Teran</span> 2008-2013</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p><span class="firstname">Bernd</span> <span class="othername">Johannes</span> <span class="surname">Wuebben</span> <code class="email">(wuebben AT kde.org)</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="firstname">Evan</span> <span class="surname">Teran</span> <code class="email">(eteran AT alum.rit.edu)</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="firstname">Espen</span> <span class="surname">Sand</span> <code class="email">(espensa AT online.no)</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="firstname">Chris</span> <span class="surname">Howells</span> <code class="email">(howells AT kde.org)</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="firstname">Aaron</span> <span class="othername">J.</span> <span class="surname">Seigo</span> <code class="email">(aseigo AT kde.org)</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="firstname">Charles</span> <span class="surname">Samuels</span> <code class="email">(charles AT altair.dhs.org)</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="firstname">David</span> <span class="surname">Johnson</span> <code class="email">(david AT usermode.org)</code></p></li></ul></div><p><span class="application">KCalc</span> was inspired by <span class="firstname">Martin</span> <span class="surname">Bartlett</span>'s <span class="application">xfrmcalc</span>, whose stack engine is still part of <span class="application">KCalc</span>.</p><p>Documentation Copyright (c) 2001,2002,2005, 2006,2010:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p><span class="firstname">Bernd</span> <span class="othername">Johannes</span> <span class="surname">Wuebben</span> <code class="email">(wuebben AT kde.org)</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="firstname">Pamela</span> <span class="surname">Roberts</span> <code class="email">(pamroberts AT blueyonder.co.uk)</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="firstname">J</span> <span class="surname">Hall</span> <code class="email">(jhall AT kde.org)</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="firstname">Anne-Marie</span> <span class="surname">Mahfouf</span> <code class="email">(annma AT kde.org)</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="firstname">Eike</span> <span class="surname">Krumbacher</span> <code class="email">(eike.krumbacher AT x-eike.de)</code></p></li></ul></div><p><a name="gnu-fdl"></a>This documentation is licensed under the terms of the <a class="ulink" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/fdl-license.html" target="_top">GNU Free Documentation License</a>.</p><p>This program is licensed under the terms of the <a class="ulink" href="help:/kdoctools5-common/gpl-license.html" target="_top">GNU General Public License</a>.</p></div></div><div id="footer"><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"><a accesskey="p" href="commands.html">Prev</a></td><td class="upCell"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Contents</a></td><td class="nextCell"></td></tr><tr><td class="prevCell">Command Reference </td><td class="upCell"> </td><td class="nextCell"> </td></tr></table></div><div id="footer_text">Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?<br>Send feedback to the <a href="mailto:kde-doc-english@kde.org" class="footer_email">KDE Docs Team</a></div></div></div></body></html></FILENAME></div></div><div id="footer"><div class="navCenter"><table class="navigation"><tr><td class="prevCell"></td><td class="upCell"> </td><td class="nextCell"><a accesskey="n" href="introduction.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td class="prevCell"> </td><td class="upCell"> </td><td class="nextCell"> Introduction</td></tr></table></div><div id="footer_text">Would you like to make a comment or contribute an update to this page?<br>Send feedback to the <a href="mailto:kde-doc-english@kde.org" class="footer_email">KDE Docs Team</a></div></div></div></body></html></FILENAME>
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